Mu mafakitale amakono, ma mota amagetsi amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana, mitundu ya ma voltage ndi kuchuluka kwa ma voltage a ma mota amagetsi amapezeka mosalekeza. Izi ndi kufotokozera mwachidule zifukwa zogwirira ntchito gawo limodzi komanso njira zodzitetezera.
Kugawa magalimoto
Ma mota amagetsi amatha kugawidwa m'ma mota a DC, ma mota a asynchronous ndi ma mota a synchronous malinga ndi kapangidwe ndi mfundo zosiyanasiyana zogwirira ntchito. Ma mota a synchronous amathanso kugawidwa m'ma mota a synchronous a magnet okhazikika, ma mota a synchronous a negatives ndi ma mota a hysteresis synchronous. Ma mota a asynchronous amatha kugawidwa m'ma mota a induction ndi ma mota a AC commutator. Ma mota a induction amagawidwanso m'ma mota a asynchronous a magawo atatu, ma mota a asynchronous a gawo limodzi ndi ma mota a asynchronous a shaded pole. Ma mota a AC commutator amagawidwanso m'ma mota a single-phase series,Ma mota a AC ndi DC okhala ndi zolinga ziwiri komanso ma mota othamangitsa.
Zoopsa zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kugwira ntchito kwa ma mota a asynchronous a gawo limodzi la magawo atatu
Ma mota a magawo atatu osasinthasintha ali ndi njira ziwiri zolumikizira: mtundu wa Y ndi mtundu wa Δ. Pamene mota yolumikizidwa ndi Y ikugwira ntchito mu gawo limodzi, mphamvu yamagetsi mu gawo lolumikizidwa ndi zero. Mphamvu yamagetsi ya magawo ena awiri imakhala mizere yamagetsi. Nthawi yomweyo, imayambitsa kusuntha kwa zero point ndipo mphamvu yake yamagetsi idzawonjezekanso.
Pamene mota yokhala ndi waya wamtundu wa Δ yatsekedwa mkati, motayo imasintha kukhala waya wamtundu wa V pansi pa mphamvu yamagetsi ya magawo atatu, ndipo mphamvu ya magawo awiri imawonjezeka ndi nthawi 1.5. Pamene mota yokhala ndi waya wamtundu wa Δ yatsekedwa kunja, imakhala yofanana ndi ma winding a magawo awiri omwe amalumikizidwa motsatizana ndipo gulu lachitatu la ma windings limalumikizidwa motsatizana pakati pa ma voltage a mizere iwiri. Mphamvu yamagetsi mu ziwirizizozunguliraKulumikizidwa motsatizana sikunasinthe. Mphamvu yowonjezera ya gulu lachitatu idzawonjezeka ndi nthawi 1.5.
Mwachidule, injini ikagwira ntchito mu gawo limodzi, mphamvu yake yozungulira imawonjezeka mofulumira, ndipo chozungulira ndi chitsulo zimatentha mofulumira, zimawotcha chotchingira chozungulira kenako zimawotcha chozungulira cha injini, zomwe zimakhudza ntchito zanthawi zonse zopangira. Ngati malo omwe ali pamalopo si abwino, malo ozungulira amasonkhana. Pali zinthu zomwe zimatha kuyaka zomwe zingayambitse moto mosavuta ndikuyambitsa zotsatirapo zoopsa kwambiri.
Zomwe zimayambitsa ntchito ya gawo limodzi la injini ndi njira zodzitetezera
1. Pamene mota singathe kuyamba, pamakhala phokoso lalikulu, ndipo chipolopolocho chimakwera kutentha kapena liwiro limachepa kwambiri panthawi yogwira ntchito, ndipo kutentha kumakwera, magetsi ayenera kudulidwa nthawi yomweyo ndipo chifukwa cha kulephera chiyenera kupezedwa mosamala. Dziwani ngati vutoli lachitika chifukwa cha kusowa kwa gawo.
2. Pamene chingwe chamagetsi cha dera lalikulu chili choonda kwambiri kapena chawonongeka ndi kunja, mphamvu yamagetsi ya gawo zitatu ya mota imayambitsa kugwira ntchito kwa gawo limodzi chifukwa cha kutentha kwa gawo kapena kugunda kwa mphamvu yakunja. Mphamvu yonyamulira yotetezeka ya chingwe chachikulu chamagetsi cha mota ndi nthawi 1.5 mpaka 2.5 kuposa mphamvu yovotera ya mota, ndipo mphamvu yonyamulira yotetezeka ya chingwe chamagetsi imagwirizana kwambiri ndi njira yoyika chingwe chamagetsi. Makamaka ngati ili yofanana kapena ikulumikizana ndi payipi yotentha, nthawiyo iyenera kukhala yoposa 50cm. Mphamvu yonyamulira yotetezeka ya chingwe chamagetsi yomwe imatha kugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali pa kutentha kwa 70°C nthawi zambiri imatha kuyang'aniridwa ndi buku la akatswiri amagetsi. Malinga ndi zomwe zachitika kale, mphamvu yonyamulira yotetezeka ya mawaya amkuwa ndi 6A pa milimita imodzi, ndipo ya mawaya a aluminiyamu ndi 4A pa milimita imodzi. Kuphatikiza apo, zolumikizira zosinthira zamkuwa ndi aluminiyamu ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito polumikizira waya wamkuwa ndi aluminiyamu, kuti tipewe kukhuthala pakati pa zinthu zamkuwa ndi aluminiyamu ndikukhudza kukana kwa zolumikizira.
3. Kusakhazikika bwino kwa chosinthira mpweya kapena choteteza kutuluka kwa mpweya kungayambitse kugwira ntchito kwa gawo limodzi la mota. Ngati kasinthidwe ka chosinthira mpweya ndi kakang'ono kwambiri, mwina chifukwa cha mphamvu zamagetsi zomwe zimayatsa kulumikizana kwamkati kwa chosinthira mpweya, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kukana kwa gawo lolumikizana ndi magetsi kukhale kwakukulu kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti injini ikhale ya gawo limodzi. Mphamvu yovotera ya chosinthira mpweya iyenera kukhala nthawi 1.5 mpaka 2.5 kuposa mphamvu yovotera ya mota. Kuphatikiza apo, panthawi yogwira ntchito ya mota, ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa kuti mawonekedwe a chosinthira mpweya ndi ochepa kwambiri, kapena mtundu wa chosinthira mpweya ndi wovuta, ndipo chosinthira mpweya choyenera chiyenera kusinthidwa.
4. Mzere wolumikizira pakati pa zigawo zomwe zili mu kabati yowongolera wayaka, zomwe zingayambitse kuti mota iziyenda mu gawo limodzi. Zifukwa zomwe mzere wolumikizira umayaka ndi izi:
① Mzere wolumikizira ndi woonda kwambiri, pamene mphamvu ya injini ikuchulukirachulukira, ukhoza kutentha chingwe cholumikizira. ② Zolumikizira zonse ziwiri za mzere wolumikizira sizikugwirizana bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chingwe cholumikizira chitenthe kwambiri, motero zimatentha chingwe cholumikizira. Pali kuwonongeka pang'ono kwa nyama, monga mbewa zikukwera pakati pa mizere iwiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mzerewo ukhale waufupi pakati pa mizere ndikuwotcha mzere wolumikizira. Yankho ndi ili: musanayambe ntchito iliyonse, kabati yowongolera iyenera kutsegulidwa kuti muwone mosamala ngati mtundu wa mzere uliwonse wolumikizira wasintha, komanso ngati khungu loteteza lili ndi zizindikiro zoyaka. Mzere wamagetsi uli ndi zida zokwanira malinga ndi mphamvu ya injini, ndipo cholumikiziracho chimalumikizidwa malinga ndi zofunikira za ndondomekoyi.
Kupukuta
Pomanga, tiyenera kutsatira mosamalitsa malangizo a njira zosiyanasiyana zomangira kuti tiwonetsetse kuti makinawo ndi abwino. Kusamalira zida zosiyanasiyana nthawi zonse komanso kuyang'anira ndi kukonza nthawi zonse panthawi yogwira ntchito kudzateteza kutayika kosafunikira ndi zoopsa zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kugwira ntchito kwa injini nthawi imodzi.
Nthawi yotumizira: Meyi-30-2024